# Score Computation

### 4. How the Composite Score Is Computed

The composite score combines all applicable dimension scores through a two-step process: linear weighting followed by exponential decay.

#### 4.1 Linear Weighted Score

For all dimensions where a score exists (non-null):

```
C_L = Σ (Di × Wi)
```

Where weights `Wi` are normalized to sum to 1.0 after excluding N/A dimensions.

**Default weights:**

| Dimension           | Weight |
| ------------------- | ------ |
| Smart Contract Risk | 25%    |
| Counterparty Risk   | 20%    |
| Credit Risk         | 15%    |
| Liquidity Risk      | 15%    |
| Oracle Risk         | 15%    |
| Liquidity Trap Risk | 10%    |

If a dimension is N/A, its weight is redistributed proportionally. For example, if Liquidity Trap Risk (10%) is N/A, the remaining dimensions' weights are scaled by `1 / 0.90` so they sum to 1.0.

#### 4.2 Exponential Decay

The exponential decay function is always applied to the linear score:

```
C_E = 1 + 9 × ((C_L − 1) / 9) ^ γ       where γ = 1.5
```

This penalizes mid-range scores more severely. A protocol scoring 5.0 linearly will score higher (riskier) after decay, making mediocre risk profiles stand out more clearly.

***

### 5. Worked Examples

**Protocol A** — Strong across all dimensions:

* Linear: 1.8 → After decay: **1.3** (Very Low Risk)

**Protocol B** — Mixed, mid-range scores:

* Linear: 4.5 → After decay: **5.2** (Elevated Risk)

**Protocol C** — Weak, multiple high-risk dimensions:

* Linear: 7.0 → After decay: **7.8** (High Risk)

***

### 6. Hard Overrides

Hard overrides supersede mathematical computation. For example, any protocol with an instant upgradeable single-key mechanism has its Counterparty Risk dimension floored at a minimum risk score.

***

### 7. Score Update Triggers

Scores recompute on scheduled and event-driven triggers.

***

### 8. Minimum Data Requirements

Protocols must meet minimum thresholds to receive a Composite Risk Score. Protocols with insufficient data are labeled accordingly rather than receiving an artificially low-confidence score.

***

### 9. Methodology Versioning & Governance

Defines version policy, change process, and conflict of interest policy.

***

### 10. Limitations & Disclaimers

Risk indicator, not a guarantee; relies on public data; γ parameter is calibrated but not yet empirically validated at scale.

***

### 11. References

* <https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm18010038>
* <https://www.galaxy.com/insights/research/risk-rating-defi-crypto>


---

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